
Istanbul's Building Stock and Seismic Vulnerability
How age, structural system, irregularity, and field evidence shape city risk.
JeoKesitExplore detailed and referenced articles covering the workflow from borehole data to scaled geological sections.

How age, structural system, irregularity, and field evidence shape city risk.

Interdependencies among energy, water, transport, communications, and health systems.

Continuity, disaster justice, and measurable recovery objectives.

An integrated roadmap prioritizing building safety, household planning, and institutional continuity.

An academic review of the Unified Soil Classification System through particle size, plasticity and group symbols.

Deriving soil gradation curves, characteristic diameters and engineering interpretation of test results.

Technical interpretation of liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index and derived consistency indicators.

The role of the dry-density–water-content relationship in fill design and field control.

Scientific basis of field density, moisture, test frequency and acceptance evaluation.

The fundamental relationship between total stress, pore pressure and effective stress in soil behaviour.

Engineering assessment of Darcy flow, hydraulic conductivity, flow nets and internal erosion.

Stress increase, preconsolidation pressure, compression indices and time-dependent settlement in clay.